References

  1.  Wikipedia. CMC joint. Accessed 30.09.22
  2. ↑ Jump up to:2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Bilge O, Karalezli N. Current review of trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (rhizarthrosis). World Journal of Rheumatology. 2015 Jul 12; 5(2):90-5. Accessed 30.09.22
  3. ↑ Jump up to:3.0 3.1 Lin JD, Karl JW, Strauch RJ. Trapeziometacarpal joint stability: the evolving importance of the dorsal ligaments. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®. 2014 Apr 1; 472(4):1138-45. Accessed 30.09.22.
  4.  Imaeda T, An KN, Cooney III WP, Linscheid R. Anatomy of trapeziometacarpal ligaments. The Journal of hand surgery. 1993 Mar 1; 18(2):226-31. Accessed 30.09.22.
  5.  Ripoll G, Glumcher D, Fossati G 2019 Anatomical considerations of the thumb carpometacarpal joint ligaments, based on a case report of isolated joint dislocation (Accessed 30.09.22)
  6.  Mayo clinic. Causes remedies for thumb arthritis. Accessed 30.09.22
  7.  Wikipedia. Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. [Accessed, 30.09.22]
  8. ↑ Jump up to:8.0 8.1 Thumb CMC Joint Arthroplasty. Available from:https://www.touchsurgery.com/simulations/thumb-cmc-joint-arthroplasty (Accessed 15 October 2020)
  9.  Wolf JM, Schreier S, Tomsick S, Williams A, Petersen B. Radiographic laxity of the trapeziometacarpal joint is correlated with generalized joint hypermobility. The Journal of hand surgery. 2011 Jul 1;36(7):1165-9. Available from: https://www.jhandsurg.org/article/S0363-5023(11)00353-4/abstract (last accessed 14.4.2019)
  10.  A. Gondim Teixeira, Pedro & Omoumi, Patrick & J Trudell, Debra & Ward, Samuel & Blum, Alain & L Resnick, Donald. (2010). High-resolution ultrasound evaluation of the trapeziometacarpal joint with emphasis on the anterior oblique ligament (beak ligament). Skeletal radiology. 40. 897-904. 10.1007/s00256-010-1068-0. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/49647832_High-resolution_ultrasound_evaluation_of_the_trapeziometacarpal_joint_with_emphasis_on_the_anterior_oblique_ligament_beak_ligament
  11.  Snodgrass SJ, Riyett DA, Chiarelli P, Bates AM, Rowe LJ. Factors related to thumb pain in physiotherapists. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2003 Jan 1;49(4):243-50. Available from:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0004951414601409 (last accessed 10.4.2020)
  12.  Healthline. Basal joint arthritis. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/basal-joint-arthritis#symptoms (last accessed 14.4.2019)
  13. ↑ Jump up to:13.0 13.1 Mayo clinic. Thumb arthritis. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thumb-arthritis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378344 (last accessed 14.4.2019)
  14.  Healing hands rehab. CMC arthritis. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCIA1_tksjA&feature=youtu.be (last accessed 14.4.2019)
  15.  LB hand therapy. Thumb stability exercises. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf4R7udarNg&feature=youtu.be
  16. ↑ Jump up to:16.0 16.1 Central physiotherapy. Arthritis of the thumb. Available from: https://www.centralphysicaltherapy.com/Injuries-Conditions/Hand/Hand-Issues/Arthritis-of-the-Thumb/a~282/article.html (last accessed 14.4.2019)
  17.  Srbely JZ. Ultrasound in the management of osteoarthritis: part I: a review of the current literature. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. 2008 Mar;52(1):30. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2258240/ (last accessed 15.4.2019)
  18.  Arthritis Foundation. Acupuncture and osteoarthritis. Available from: https://www.arthritis.org/living-with-arthritis/treatments/natural/other-therapies/mind-body-pain-relief/oa-acupuncture.php (last accessed 15.4.2019)
  19.  Jospt. The Effectiveness of a Manual Therapy and Exercise Protocol in Patients With Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Available from: https://www.jospt.org/doi/full/10.2519/jospt.2013.4524 (last accessed 14.4.2019)
  20.  Rhizarthrosis. Available from: http://www.baur-fromberg.de/rhizarthrosis.php (Accessed 19 October 2020)
  21.  Ruettermann M. Changing surgical treatments of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 2020 Jun; 45(5):533-5. 
  22.  Gillis J, Calder K, Williams J. Review of thumb carpometacarpal arthritis classification, treatment and outcomes. Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2011 Dec; 19(4):134-8.
  23.  Rhizarthrosis. Available from: https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-dictionary/rhizarthrosis (Accessed 19 October 2020)
  24.  Dartmouth-Hitchcock. Basal joint arthritis. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSA1BSSQLPA (last accessed 15.4.2019)