References

  1. ↑ Jump up to:1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Smith D, Michael J, Bowker J. Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies: Surgical, Prosthetic, and Rehabilitation Principles. 3rd Edition. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2004.
  2.  Mai CT, Isenburg JL, Canfield MA, Meyer RE, Correa A, Alverson CJ, Lupo PJ, Riehle‐Colarusso T, Cho SJ, Aggarwal D, Kirby RS. National population‐based estimates for major birth defects, 2010–2014. Birth Defects Research. 2019; 111(18): 1420-1435.
  3.  Al-Worikat AF, Dameh W. Children with limb deficiencies: demographic characteristics. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2008 Mar;32(1):23-8. doi: 10.1080/03093640701517083. PMID: 17852778.
  4.  McLarney M, Pezzin L, McGinley E, Prosser L, Dillingham. The prevalence of lower limb loss in children and associated costs of prosthetic devices: A national study of commercial insurance claims, Prosthetics and Orthotics International: April 2021 – Volume 45 – Issue 2 – p 115-122 doi: 10.1177/0309364620968645
  5.  Loder R. Demographics of Traumatic Amputations in Children, The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery: May 2004 – Volume 86 – Issue 5 – p 923-928
  6.  Frantz CH, O’Rahilly R. Congenital skeletal limb deficiencies.1961. J Bone Joint Surg 43: 1202–1224.
  7.  McCredie J. Embryonic neuropathy a hypothesis of neural crest injury as the pathogenesis of congenital malformations. Medical Journal of Australia. 1974 Feb;1(6):159-63.
  8.  Swanson AB. A classification for congenital limb malformations.1976. J Hand Surg 1: 8–22.
  9.  Day HJ. The ISO/ISPO classification of congenital limb deficiency. Prosthet Orthot Int. 1991 Aug;15(2):67-9. doi: 10.3109/03093649109164635. PMID: 1923724.
  10.  Gold NB, Westgate M-N, Holmes LB. Anatomic and etiological classification of congenital limb deficiencies.2011. Am J Med Genet Part A 155:1225–1235
  11. ↑ Jump up to:11.0 11.1 Jain S. Rehabilitation in Limb Deficiency. 2. The Pediatric Amputee. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996;77(3 Suppl):S9-S13.
  12. ↑ Jump up to:12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Herring JA, Birch JG, eds. The Child With a Limb Deficiency. 1st ed. Rosemont, IL: American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons; 1998:235-288.
  13. ↑ Jump up to:13.0 13.1 Soldado F, Kozin SH. Bony Overgrowth in Children after Amputation. Journal of Ped Rehabil Med: An Interdisciplinary Approach 2. 2009; 235-239.
  14. ↑ Jump up to:14.0 14.1 Bryant Ph, Pandian G. Acquire limb deficiencies. 1. Acquired limb deficiencies in children and young adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil.  2001; 82 (Suppl 1): S3-8.
  15. ↑ Jump up to:15.0 15.1 Calder P, Shaw S, Roberts A, Tennant S, Sedki I, Hanspal R, Eastwood D. A comparison of functional outcome between amputation and extension prosthesis in the treatment of congenital absence of the fibula with severe limb deformity. Journal of children’s orthopaedics. 2017 Aug 1;11(4):318-25.
  16. ↑ Jump up to:16.0 16.1 Engstrom B, Van de Ven C.Therapy for Amputees, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingston, 1999. ISBN: 978-0-443-05975-9
  17. ↑ Jump up to:17.0 17.1 Khan MA, Javed AA, Rao DJ, Corner JA, Rosenfield P. Pediatric Traumatic Limb Amputation: The Principles of Management and Optimal Residual Limb Lengths. World J Plast Surg. 2016 Jan;5(1):7-14. PMID: 27308235; PMCID: PMC4904133.
  18. ↑ Jump up to:18.0 18.1 Le JT, Scott-Wyard PR. Pediatric limb differences and amputations. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2015 Feb;26(1):95-108. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2014.09.006. PMID: 25479783
  19.  Miller M, Takata G, Stucky E, Neuspiel D. Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management and Committee on Hospital Care; Principles of Pediatric Patient Safety: Reducing Harm Due to Medical Care. Pediatrics, 2011; 127 (6): 1199–1210. 10.1542/peds.2011-0967
  20.  O’Keeffe B, Rout S. Prosthetic Rehabilitation in the Lower Limb. Indian J Plast Surg. 2019 Jan;52(1):134-143. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1687919.