References
  1. ↑ Jump up to:1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 El Sayed M, Callahan AL. Mechanical Back Strain. StatPearls [Internet]. 2020 Mar 25.Available from: https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/24813/(accessed 28.5.2021)
  2. ↑ Jump up to:2.0 2.1 Will JS, Bury DC, Miller JA. Mechanical low back pain. American family physician. 2018 Oct 1;98(7):421-8.
  3. ↑ Jump up to:3.0 3.1 Scully R, Rao R. Lumbar Strain and Lumbar Disk Herniation. InOrthopedic Surgery Clerkship 2017 (pp. 481-486). Springer, Cham.
  4.  Beatty NR, Wyss JF. Lumbosacral Muscle Strain 91. Musculoskeletal Sports and Spine Disorders: A Comprehensive Guide. 2018 Feb 8:395.
  5. ↑ Jump up to:5.0 5.1 DePalma MJ, Ketchum JM, Saullo T. What is the source of chronic low back pain and does age play a role?. Pain medicine. 2011 Feb 1;12(2):224-33.
  6.  Patel AT, Ogle AA. Diagnosis and management of acute low back pain. American family physician. 2000 Mar 15;61(6):1779-86.
  7.  Deyo RA, Rainville J, Kent DL. What can the history and physical examination tell us about low back pain?. Jama. 1992 Aug 12;268(6):760-5.
  8.  Houglum PA. Therapeutic exercise for athletic injuries. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2001.
  9.  Bernard BP, Putz-Anderson V. Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace factors; a critical review of epidemiologic evidence for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the neck, upper extremity, and low back. 1997
  10. ↑ Jump up to:10.0 10.1 Meeusen R. 51 Fatigue During Game Play: A Review of Central Nervous System Aspects During Exercise. Science and Football IV. 2001:304.
  11.  Kang WW, Kemin S. Clinical observation of the PulStar multiple impulse device in treatment of acute lumbar strain. China Medicine. 2017 Jul;12(7):1039.
  12.  Kinkade S. Evaluation and treatment of acute low back pain. American family physician. 2007 Apr 15;75(8):1181-8.
  13.  Keene JS, Albert MJ, Springer SL, Drummond DS, Clancy JW. Back injuries in college athletes. Journal of spinal disorders. 1989 Sep;2(3):190-5.
  14.  Gourmelen J, Chastang JF, Ozguler A, Lanoë JL, Ravaud JF, Leclerc A. Frequency of low back pain among men and women aged 30 to 64 years in France. Results of two national surveys. InAnnales de réadaptation et de médecine physique 2007 Nov 1 (Vol. 50, No. 8, pp. 640-644). Elsevier Masson.
  15.  Louw QA, Morris LD, Grimmer-Somers K. The prevalence of low back pain in Africa: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskeletal disorders. 2007 Dec;8(1):105.
  16.  Humphreys SC, Eck JC. Clinical evaluation and treatment options for herniated lumbar disc. American family physician. 1999 Feb 1;59(3):575.
  17.  Malmivaara, M.D., U. Häkkinen et al. The Treatment of Acute Low Back Pain — Bed Rest, Exercises, or Ordinary Activity.the new England journal of medicine 1995.
  18. ↑ Jump up to:18.0 18.1 14.Karnath B. Clinical Signs of Low Back Pain. Hospital Physician. 2003 May. (level of evidence: 5)
  19.  M.W Van tulder, B.W. Koes. Evidence based handelen bij lage rugpijn. Medicamenteuze behandeling. Bohn stafleu van Loghum 2004 ( level of evidence: 1A)
  20.  M. Higgings. Therapeutic exercises. Chapter 19 rehabilitation of the lumbar spine. Davis company 2011. (Level of evidence 5)
  21.  L.D Weiss et al. Oxford amarican handbook of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2010 oxford university press. (level of evidence 5)
  22.  Meeusen R. Sportrevalidatie. Rug- en nekletsels (deel 2) reeks sportrevalidaties. Kluwer.2001. (level of evidence: 5)
  23.  Li H, Zhang H, Liu S, Wang Y, Gai D, Lu Q, Gan H, Shi Y, Qi W. Rehabilitation effect of exercise with soft tissue manipulation in patients with lumbar muscle strain. Nigerian journal of clinical practice. 2017;20(5):629-33.
  24.  Gaetano et al. Lumbar strain back to the basics. Sports medicine, 2005