References

  1.  Munsch MA, Safran MR, Mai MC, Vasileff WK. Bone marrow lesions: etiology and pathogenesis at the hip. Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery. 2020 Aug;7(3):401-9.
  2.  Gobbi A, Dallo I, Frank RM, Bradsell H, Saenz I, Murrel W. A review of bone marrow lesions in the arthritic knee and description of a technique for treatment. Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation. 2021 Sep 1;1(3):100021.
  3. ↑ Jump up to:3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Bonadio MB, Ormond Filho AG, Helito CP, Stump XM, Demange MK. Bone marrow lesion: image, clinical presentation, and treatment. Magnetic resonance insights. 2017 Apr 12;10:1178623X17703382.
  4. ↑ Jump up to:4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Eriksen EF. Treatment of bone marrow lesions (bone marrow edema). BoneKEy reports. 2015;4.
  5.  Xu L, Hayashi D, Roemer FW, Felson DT, Guermazi A. Magnetic resonance imaging of subchondral bone marrow lesions in association with osteoarthritis. InSeminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2012 Oct 1 (Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 105-118). WB Saunders.
  6. ↑ Jump up to:6.0 6.1 6.2 Marcacci M, Andriolo L, Kon E, Shabshin N, Filardo G. Aetiology and pathogenesis of bone marrow lesions and osteonecrosis of the knee. EFORT open reviews. 2016 May;1(5):219-24.
  7.  Alliston T, Hernandez CJ, Findlay DM, Felson DT, Kennedy OD. Bone marrow lesions in osteoarthritis: what lies beneath. Journal of Orthopaedic Research®. 2018 Jul;36(7):1818-25.
  8. ↑ Jump up to:8.0 8.1 Beckwée D, Vaes P, Raeymaeckers S, Shahabpour M, Scheerlinck T, Bautmans I. Exercise in knee osteoarthritis: do treatment outcomes relate to bone marrow lesions? A randomized trial. Disability and rehabilitation. 2017 Aug 28;39(18):1847-55.
  9. ↑ Jump up to:9.0 9.1 Kang S, Gao F, Han J, Mao T, Sun W, Wang B, Guo W, Cheng L, Li Z. Extracorporeal shock wave treatment can normalize painful bone marrow edema in knee osteoarthritis: a comparative historical cohort study. Medicine. 2018 Feb;97(5).
  10.  Van Ginckel A, Hinman RS, Wrigley TV, Hunter DJ, Marshall CJ, Duryea J, Melo L, Simic M, Kasza J, Robbins SR, Wallis JA. Effect of cane use on bone marrow lesion volume in people with medial tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis: randomized clinical trial. Osteoarthritis and cartilage. 2019 May 21.